Jakar Filastik Tufafin Kwayoyin Halitta

Zagayowar rayuwar jakar taki shine:
Production: ana fitar da sitacin masara daga albarkatun kasa, polymer na halitta da aka samu daga sitacin masara, alkama ko dankalin turawa.
Sa'an nan kuma ƙwayoyin cuta suna canza shi zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin lactic acid wanda ke aiki a matsayin tushe don samar da sarƙoƙi na polymer na polylactic acid.
Matsakaicin sarƙoƙi na polymeric na polylactic acid suna ba da wuri ga takardar filastik mai yuwuwa wanda ke aiki azaman tushe don fayyace samfuran filastik da yawa marasa gurɓata.
Ana jigilar wannan takardar filastik zuwa kamfanonin samarwa da kuma canza jakar filastik.
Sannan ana rarraba su zuwa cibiyoyin kasuwanci don amfani da kasuwanci na buhunan taki a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun.
Ana amfani da jakar sannan ta zama sharar gida (ƙididdigar lokacin amfani: minti goma sha biyu)
Tsarin biodegradation ya zama kiyasin lokacin daga watanni 6 zuwa 9.
Bioplastics da aka samo daga sitacin masara ya zama albarkatun da ba a taɓa ƙarewa ba kuma ana sabunta su, yana ba da gajeriyar gajeriyar yanayin rayuwa irin wannan ƙimar babban noma, ƙarancin ruwa, yana haifar da haɓakar ɓangaren amfanin gona kuma yana haɓaka haɓaka amfanin gona a cikin ƙasa. hanyar daina.A cikin duk tsarin tsarin rayuwa, wakilai na gurbatawa sun ragu har zuwa 1000% idan aka kwatanta da tsarin samar da jakar filastik.
Muhimmancin jakar taki shine ana iya amfani da su azaman taki don tsire-tsire na gida, kuma tare da shi yana sa su girma cikin koshin lafiya kuma suna motsa sake amfani da buhunan filastik.Tare da jakunkuna na AMS Compostables, baya ga samar da sake yin amfani da su, ana guje wa tara dattin da ba dole ba don tsabtace wuraren tsafta da rage cunkoson datti da nufin inganta yanayin lafiyar jama'a ga al'umma da muhalli.
Matsakaicin mutum yana amfani da jakar filastik na ɗan gajeren lokaci kamar minti 12 kafin ya jefar da ita, ba tare da tunanin inda za ta ƙare ba.
Amma duk da haka da zarar an haɗa shi zuwa rumbun ƙasa, daidaitaccen jakar kantin kayan miya yana ɗaukar ɗaruruwa ko dubban shekaru kafin ya lalace - fiye da rayuwar ɗan adam.Jakunkuna suna da adadin filastik da ake samu a cikin cikin whale ko gidajen tsuntsaye, kuma ba abin mamaki ba ne - a duniya, muna amfani da jakunkunan filastik tsakanin tiriliyan 1 zuwa 5 kowace shekara.
Ana siyar da buhunan filastik masu ɓarna a matsayin ƙarin mafita masu dacewa da yanayin muhalli, masu iya tarwatsewa cikin kayan marasa lahani da sauri fiye da robobin gargajiya.Wani kamfani ya yi iƙirarin jakar sayayyar su "zata ƙasƙanta da lalata a cikin ci gaba, da ba za a iya jurewa ba kuma ba za a iya tsayawa ba" idan ta ƙare a matsayin sharar gida a cikin muhalli.
A cikin wani binciken da aka buga a wannan makon a cikin Kimiyyar Muhalli da Fasaha, masu binciken sun sanya jakunkuna da ake zaton sun dace da muhalli da aka yi daga kayan halitta da robobi daban-daban kuma an samo su daga shagunan Burtaniya don gwadawa.Bayan shekaru uku da aka binne a cikin gonar lambu, nutsewa a cikin ruwan teku, fallasa ga haske da iska ko kuma a ajiye a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, babu ɗayan jakunkuna da ya rushe gaba ɗaya a duk wuraren.
An dauki nauyin
A haƙiƙa, jakunkuna masu ɓarna da aka bari a ƙarƙashin ruwa a cikin marina na iya ɗaukar cikakken kayan abinci.
"Mene ne aikin wasu daga cikin waɗannan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun polymers?"ya tambayi Richard Thompson, masanin halittun ruwa daga Jami'ar Plymouth kuma babban marubucin binciken.Polymer wani nau'in sinadarai ne mai maimaitawa wanda ya zama tsarin filastik, ko na halitta ko na roba.
Thompson ya ce, "Suna da ƙalubale don sake yin fa'ida kuma suna jinkirin raguwa idan sun zama datti a cikin muhalli," in ji Thompson, yana ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan robobi na iya haifar da matsaloli fiye da yadda suke warwarewa.
Abin da Masu Binciken Suka Yi
Masu binciken sun tattara samfurori na jakunkuna iri biyar.
Nau'in farko an yi shi da polyethylene mai girma - daidaitaccen filastik da aka samu a cikin jakunkuna na kantin kayan miya.An yi amfani da shi azaman kwatancen wasu jakunkuna guda huɗu waɗanda aka yiwa lakabi da abokantaka na yanayi:
Jakar filastik da za a iya lalata ta da aka yi a wani bangare daga harsashi na kawa
Iri biyu na jakunkuna da aka yi daga robobi na oxo-biodegradable, wanda ke kunshe da abubuwan da kamfanoni ke cewa na taimakawa robobi wajen karyewa da sauri.
Jakar takin da aka yi daga kayan shuka
Kowane nau'in jaka an sanya shi a cikin yanayi hudu.Dukkanin jakunkuna da jakunkuna da aka yanka a cikin tsiri an binne su a cikin ƙasa lambu a waje, an nutsar da su cikin ruwan gishiri a cikin marina, an bar su a cikin hasken rana da buɗe iska, ko kuma an rufe su a cikin akwati mai duhu a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje mai sarrafa zafin jiki.
Oxygen, zafin jiki da haske duk suna canza tsarin polymers na filastik, in ji Julia Kalow, masanin kimiyyar polymer daga Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma, wanda bai shiga cikin wannan binciken ba.Haka kuma za a iya mayar da martani da ruwa da mu'amala da kwayoyin cuta ko wasu nau'ikan rayuwa.
Abin da Masana Kimiyya suka Samu
Ko da a cikin yanayi mai tsauri na ruwa, inda algae da dabbobi suka rufe robobin cikin sauri, shekaru uku ba su daɗe ba don karya ko ɗaya daga cikin robobin sai dai zaɓi na takin da aka yi da tsire-tsire, wanda ya ɓace a ƙarƙashin ruwa cikin watanni uku.Jakunkuna da aka samo daga shuka, duk da haka, sun kasance lafiyayyu amma sun raunana lokacin da aka binne su a ƙarƙashin ƙasan lambun na tsawon watanni 27.
Magani daya tilo da ta wargaje duk jakunkunan ita ce fallasa iska sama da watanni tara, kuma a wannan yanayin har ma da ma'auni, jakar polyethylene na gargajiya ta tarwatse kafin watanni 18 su wuce.